學(xué)位英語(yǔ)

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為了突出句子的某個(gè)部分，我們可以使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。

常見(jiàn)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)是it 引導(dǎo)的句子。

It is (was) 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。

此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分僅限于主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。

It is from the sun that we get light and heat.

It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs.

使用此句型時(shí), 應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)。

(1) 一般情況用It is(was)……that…如:

He read three books in the library yesterday.

我們分別可以強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如:

It was he who(that)read three books in the library yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))

It was three books that he read in the library yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))

It was in the library that he read three books yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))

(2) 當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí), 可用that, 也可用who; 指物時(shí), 只用that, 如:

It was Tom who(that)I met last week.

It is a new boke that his brother wants to buy.

(3) 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)時(shí), 只用that, 不用when、where. 如:

It is at 5 o'clock that the train will arrive.

(4) 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是主語(yǔ)時(shí), 注意句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如:

It is he who is late. It is they that were late.

(5) 一般疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句為"Is (was) it + that…?"; 特殊疑問(wèn)句為: "特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ is (was) +that…?"結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

Was it ten years ago that his father died?他的父親是十年前去世的嗎?

When is it that you will set off?你到底什么時(shí)候出發(fā)?

(6) "not…until…"句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)為"It is not until…that…"應(yīng)注意把否定詞not轉(zhuǎn)移到until前面。如:

I didn't go home until rain stopped. 直到雨停了我才回家。

強(qiáng)調(diào)句為: It was not until rain stopped that I went home.

I didn't know the news until yesterday. 直到昨天我才知道那個(gè)消息。

強(qiáng)調(diào)句為: It was not until yesterday that I knew the news.

原句: My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.

強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ): It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.

強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ): It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.

強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間: It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)

強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn): It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.

C.倒裝句：(這是我們?cè)陂喿x文章時(shí)常見(jiàn)到的句式。)

英語(yǔ)中主語(yǔ)在前謂語(yǔ)在后的語(yǔ)序稱(chēng)為自然語(yǔ)序。由于語(yǔ)法、修辭的需要謂語(yǔ)置于主語(yǔ)之前，稱(chēng)為全部倒裝; 助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等移到主語(yǔ)之前而主要?jiǎng)釉~仍然在主語(yǔ)之后的，稱(chēng)作半倒裝。 全部倒裝和半倒裝的句子統(tǒng)稱(chēng)倒裝句。

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（責(zé)任編輯：vstara）

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